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Why a University Proactively Sought a Merger

In this episode of Future You, Gannon University's President Walter I. Winakko, Jr. discusses the institution's proactive decision to seek a merger with Ursuline College in Ohio amidst decli...

Why a University Proactively Sought a Merger
Why a University Proactively Sought a Merger
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spk_0 So now I'm coming into this position saying, okay, we got the cliff, right?
spk_0 We, everybody's, everybody's, meaning the enrollment cliff, right?
spk_0 We're seeing it.
spk_0 We're seeing drop in domestic enrollment.
spk_0 We're seeing drops in, in the students deciding to go to college or university.
spk_0 The data is out there.
spk_0 We're seeing, since 2018, although we had increases in international students,
spk_0 we were seeing a drop in domestic freshmen every year and said,
spk_0 we've got to do something differently.
spk_0 Got the team together.
spk_0 We said, look, let's look at a merger acquisition partnership strategy.
spk_0 I was the president of Ganty University talking about his institution's decision
spk_0 to look for a merger.
spk_0 We'll cover that decision making process.
spk_0 And they're ongoing work to merge with the college in Ohio.
spk_0 That's ahead on this episode of Future You.
spk_0 I'm Jeff Solingo.
spk_0 And I'm Michael Horn.
spk_0 Topic Jeff, we keep coming back to on Future You is mergers and acquisitions.
spk_0 And we do it not just because it can be a dramatic event for college and its surrounding
spk_0 community, its alums and so forth.
spk_0 But because college consolidation and financial challenges for schools is obviously a bigger
spk_0 and bigger part of the higher-end landscape right now, and they certainly continue to
spk_0 be in the news.
spk_0 Just as we're recording this within the last week, Elon University, for example, announced
spk_0 it would merge or, in my words, essentially acquire Queen's University of Charlotte by
spk_0 the summer of 2026, after which Elon will operate Queen's.
spk_0 And then I also think we do a couple of these episodes each year because frankly you and
spk_0 I keep learning a lot from each one.
spk_0 I think of the episode, for example, where we compared M&A in higher ed to M&A in healthcare
spk_0 because we thought they would be structurally similar.
spk_0 And then we ended up learning that healthcare is actually quite different because of the
spk_0 incentives, which helps to explain in part why there's been a lot less M&A in higher
spk_0 ed than in healthcare.
spk_0 And then last year, of course, we had two schools from Ohio, Boston University and the University
spk_0 of Finley on the podcast.
spk_0 We picked them because they were planning to merge, but then literally after we recorded
spk_0 our episode, they didn't complete the merger.
spk_0 And part because of obstacles at the federal level.
spk_0 So today we get to have a president on Walter I.
spk_0 Winakko, Jr., the Ganon University's eighth president because Ganon, which is based in
spk_0 Eerie, Pennsylvania, is merging with Ursuline College in Ohio.
spk_0 And something struck you, Jeff, about the story in the way that it was perhaps different,
spk_0 I think, from what I think so many have in their heads when they think about a school that
spk_0 is proactively seeking a merger or acquisition.
spk_0 Yeah, Michael, I'm sure we'll probably hear from some of our listeners that, hey, are
spk_0 you guys doing too much on mergers and acquisitions in higher ed?
spk_0 But clearly, I think, and I know you think too, that this is going to probably be the
spk_0 story in higher ed in the next maybe decade, a little bit even, a little bit less, maybe
spk_0 even a little bit more.
spk_0 Just because of the financial issues, the demographic issues, the cultural issues, facing
spk_0 higher education, and what caught my eye about this one, I met Walter at a dinner this
spk_0 past summer was because normally we're talking about much bigger institutions taking over
spk_0 smaller struggling institutions, the northeastern of the world.
spk_0 We also had Villanova University, obviously, in a real estate play in Philadelphia.
spk_0 But these are well-endowed, nationally known universities, kind of taking on the acquisition
spk_0 part of the M&A activity.
spk_0 What interested me, and even in this Elon example, you just gave, that these are smaller institutions,
spk_0 less well-endowed institutions, institutions that don't have a lot of capital.
spk_0 And Walter was telling me that he basically went out seeking a merger partner, an acquisition
spk_0 partner, because he knew that rather than just sit around and wait for, first of all, the
spk_0 northeastern of the world to come into his backyard and take over these institutions,
spk_0 or just to wait for other institutions to fail or merge or be acquired, he wanted to
spk_0 be more assertive about this, more aggressive about it.
spk_0 And that's what really caught my eye, is that we're talking about not the northeastern
spk_0 of the world here, but the vast majority of colleges and universities out there, that
spk_0 if we want M&A activity to increase, accelerate in higher ed, they're going to have to be,
spk_0 they're going to have to start doing this, meaning these types of institutions.
spk_0 So I think that's a perfect place as prelude, if you will, Jeff, to the episode we have
spk_0 ahead.
spk_0 So without further ado, I'll give it to you to welcome our guest.
spk_0 Well, Walter, we're thrilled to welcome you to Future You.
spk_0 It's great to see you again.
spk_0 Great to be here.
spk_0 Thank you for having me.
spk_0 So Walter, you and I were at a dinner in Pittsburgh this summer, and you were telling
spk_0 me this story about how your merger with Ursula and college came together.
spk_0 And I'm just hoping you could walk us through that, because it's not exactly the typical
spk_0 storyline people think when they think college mergers.
spk_0 Sure, sure.
spk_0 Thank you.
spk_0 Well, just for a little background, I am just beginning my third year as president of
spk_0 Gannon University.
spk_0 So the story began July 1st when I was blessed to move into this position and start my role
spk_0 here.
spk_0 So July 1st in 2023.
spk_0 So got the team together in some retreat sessions.
spk_0 And I was an internal hire.
spk_0 So I came up through the provost ranks.
spk_0 And we started talking about the future again in university.
spk_0 Gannon University has been through a merger in the past in 1989.
spk_0 Gannon University merged with Villa Maria College, which was an all women's college.
spk_0 That brought healthcare and some very strong education programs to really change the trajectory
spk_0 of the university.
spk_0 And right now, healthcare is our largest enrolled area.
spk_0 So it really helped us establish who we are.
spk_0 So as a leadership team, when I came in to the vice president position in 2016, the
spk_0 institution had already started another expansion process.
spk_0 But this time it wasn't a merger.
spk_0 It was starting up a new campus in a different market area.
spk_0 And this was in Ruskin, Florida.
spk_0 So we have a campus that was part of the team to help grow focused on healthcare professions
spk_0 just south of Tampa.
spk_0 So now I'm coming into this position and saying, okay, we're, we got the cliff, right?
spk_0 We, everybody's, everybody's meeting the enrollment cliff.
spk_0 We're seeing it.
spk_0 We're seeing drop in domestic enrollment.
spk_0 We're seeing drops in, in students deciding to go to college or university.
spk_0 The data is out there.
spk_0 We're seeing since 2018, although we had increases in international students, we were seeing
spk_0 a drop in domestic freshmen every year and said, we've got to do something differently.
spk_0 Got the team together.
spk_0 We said, look, let's, let's look at a merger acquisition partnership strategy, put a
spk_0 proposal together, worked with AGB.
spk_0 We had, we used AGB as a consulting body, put together a plan and presented that to
spk_0 our board in September of 23.
spk_0 And we were able to get full support from, from our board.
spk_0 Once we had full support, we fully engaged with AGB, started to look at data in February,
spk_0 24.
spk_0 So we used that fall for planning in February.
spk_0 We, and we identified a list of institutions and we had our top 15 institutions that we
spk_0 wanted to talk to.
spk_0 So what were we looking for in a partner?
spk_0 Well, number one, we are a Catholic institution, we were looking for mission fit.
spk_0 The institution didn't have to be Catholic, but it had to have a mission that aligned.
spk_0 Second.
spk_0 Yeah.
spk_0 And I want to, I want to get to what you were looking for.
spk_0 We want to definitely dig deeper in that.
spk_0 But you mentioned this expansion in, in Florida.
spk_0 So did Florida solve some of your enrollment issues or did you now see, well, we had to
spk_0 go to Ohio.
spk_0 Like, how would other campuses solve the issues that you were seeing, for example, in Pennsylvania?
spk_0 Just kind of wanted to clear that up.
spk_0 And you have a question, Jeff, I think it comes down to what market you're trying to enter.
spk_0 So in Florida, we did a market analysis and we decided we're not going to pursue the
spk_0 undergrad market because you have such strong public institutions.
spk_0 We can't match the price point in Florida, but where the gap was graduate professional
spk_0 education, healthcare.
spk_0 So we launched OTPT speech language pathology and PA.
spk_0 So that was our market and our plan was not to build a campus more than four, five hundred
spk_0 students to generate the revenue.
spk_0 What we're trying to address with the current merger is our undergraduate population and
spk_0 the pressure that we're seeing on the traditional four year experience.
spk_0 Super interesting.
spk_0 So then, yes, then you're talking right about how you're seeking a college to merge
spk_0 with you of criteria.
spk_0 And I understand Ursula and wasn't even initially on the radar.
spk_0 So go back into that answer that you were giving around the process that you all took
spk_0 to find a suitable partner.
spk_0 So again, being Catholic, we're looking at mission fit alignment.
spk_0 Second is we were not looking for an institution that was in financial stress.
spk_0 And I will tell you that was probably one of the biggest barriers once we started talking
spk_0 with institutions was the financial status.
spk_0 Third, was this a geographic play, meaning we're entering a market that we currently do
spk_0 not recruit students from.
spk_0 And fourth, a programmatic differences.
spk_0 So even if they're in our same geographic area, do they offer such a different array
spk_0 of programs that might still be worth pursuing?
spk_0 So those were the four major criteria.
spk_0 So as we continue to move the initiative forward in March of 24, I started having conversations
spk_0 with different college presidents.
spk_0 And I will tell you that they were interesting.
spk_0 I can group it into two categories, to be honest.
spk_0 There were institutions that we could see there publicly available data look at finances
spk_0 and said, hey, do you want to talk?
spk_0 And the answer was, no, no, we're good.
spk_0 We're not interested.
spk_0 So OK.
spk_0 And then there was another group of schools that they wanted to talk and they wanted to
spk_0 merge yesterday because of the financial situation.
spk_0 Super interesting because there's a proactive nature there, right?
spk_0 Like, are you going to be proactive or oops, now we weren't proactive and now we're reactive.
spk_0 So sort of take us along that financial equation journey and then how you found Ursula
spk_0 in at the end of that.
spk_0 Sure.
spk_0 So as we were looking at several institutions and we did, we did sign a couple NDAs and
spk_0 started to do some preliminary due diligence.
spk_0 And the biggest issues was the financial situation mean high debt ratios and institutions
spk_0 that did not have cash availability to continue to move any type of initiatives.
spk_0 And when I mean move initiatives forward, it's not new initiative, it's continuing to operate
spk_0 the institution.
spk_0 So it's like literally brass tax, right?
spk_0 Of like, you're not trying to acquire a college that's financially distressed.
spk_0 You're trying to acquire a partner that really brings something to the table.
spk_0 So maybe fast forward us in this timeline then.
spk_0 Sure.
spk_0 As we went into, we now go into the spring in April of 24 and Ursula actually did not
spk_0 come up on our list because one of our additional criteria was size of school.
spk_0 And we were interested in looking at institutions that were over a thousand students.
spk_0 And in the database, his Ursula came up at 991.
spk_0 So we missed it in the data search.
spk_0 Literally a hair under.
spk_0
spk_0 But to their credit and I do want to give credit to the Ursula and sisters, they were
spk_0 friends and they were looking for a partner.
spk_0 And this is where kind of the magic happened because then I was contacted by, and they
spk_0 were using core education.
spk_0 And I was contacted by the consulting body they were using and said, hey, are you interested?
spk_0 So as we started to look at those four criteria, mission of fit, absolutely, Ursula and
spk_0 sisters, Catholic, Catholic institution.
spk_0 When we were looking at finances, Ursula and college has no debt.
spk_0 Zero debt.
spk_0 Zero.
spk_0 When we looked at program mix, there was some programs that we don't offer we were
spk_0 interested in.
spk_0 And then when we look at geographic, Ursula and college is about 90 miles away.
spk_0 I get to Ursula and from my office in about an hour 20 minutes and we were worried about,
spk_0 you know, cannibalization quite frankly.
spk_0 We did a market analysis.
spk_0 We don't recruit well in Ohio.
spk_0 We in Eerie, Pennsylvania, Ganon University, we hardly get any students from Ohio.
spk_0 And as we as we dug into it a little deeper, Ohio is pretty generous with their financial
spk_0 aid, state aid.
spk_0 If a student crosses the border into Pennsylvania, they can't take it in.
spk_0 They can't take it in.
spk_0 So, you know, as you well know, how many middle class families can walk away from the
spk_0 dollars that they're getting from the state, that was the barrier.
spk_0
spk_0 So, well, this is fascinating because again, when we met this summer and you started telling
spk_0 this story, I'm thinking, wow, you were, you know, you were kind of assertive about it.
spk_0 You were kind of more creative about going out and finding these partners.
spk_0 But this is just not happening in higher ed.
spk_0 As you pointed out, the two buckets, right, like, oh, we're all fine.
spk_0 Or by the way, we needed you to call yesterday.
spk_0 So, I'm thinking that your approach could be one way to bring the kind of M&A activity that,
spk_0 you know, I think Michael and I really think we need to have in higher ed and we just haven't had it.
spk_0 Right? There's just not been enough M&A activity in higher ed.
spk_0 But so, what do you think is stopping other universities from doing what you did and proactively
spk_0 going out and seeking partners before, by the way, they start to go down that doom loop and
spk_0 that somebody has to call them eventually or that, like, you know, others around them start
spk_0 doing what you're doing, right? So, at some point, there seems to be a lot of institutions that
spk_0 are just sitting back and waiting. So, what's stopping them from doing what you're doing?
spk_0 Honestly, I think it's a commitment to being bold and there's an aspect of bravery
spk_0 knowing that what's bravery, it's being a little afraid and still doing it anyways, right? So,
spk_0 that's people have to make bold decisions and it has to be the leadership of the institution
spk_0 in the board. And I really want to give that type of credit to the Ursula and Sisters.
spk_0 Now, you could imagine they have oversight over Ursula and college.
spk_0 Leadership is looking at the order saying, we even had a new sister join the organization
spk_0 in quite some time. Our average age is increasing. There's not a sustainability plan here.
spk_0 Let's look at merging with another institution, even though we're not in financial distress.
spk_0 That's where it starts. And then from our end, it's being able to take a risk on an initiative.
spk_0 And this is a lot of work. And when we identified the partner, one of the first things that
spk_0 that I did was get to Cleveland to meet with the Ursula and Sisters so that they could get to know me
spk_0 personally. So there's a lot of personal relationship building that has to happen to make this,
spk_0 to make this go. And I'll give you a great story. I'm in Cleveland now. Now we're in the spring.
spk_0 So we're in April, May. And I'm meeting with sister Chris, who's the president of the Ursula
spk_0 and Sisters. And she says, by the way, I'm talking with you now, but I'm retiring. So in July,
spk_0 July 1st, there's going to be a new president here. And I was like, huh, that's two months away.
spk_0 Where are we going with this? So now we're working with the Ursula and board. And the Ursula and board
spk_0 decided they were going to pursue hiring a president to basically on a short term contract
spk_0 to lead the merger for Ursula and college. And they ended up hiring Dr. David King, a past
spk_0 president who was retired, who came out of retirement to lead this merger. And I will tell you
spk_0 that's one of the best decisions made because Dr. King has been a fantastic partner in helping with
spk_0 the transition. So Jeff and Michael, a lot of a lot of things had to fall in place just right
spk_0 to get us to the next level. Where you just went is actually what's been a point of curiosity for
spk_0 me is I've heard you talk, which is I'm just thinking, you know, not only do the stars have to
spk_0 align in terms of finding an institution that in this case didn't have any debt, right? And
spk_0 so forth. But also where they saw this as an opportunity on their campus, it was felt at the board
spk_0 level. It was not going to be offensive to alumni on both sides of the equation. Just speak maybe
spk_0 to that change management process when you're, you know, you all are a midsize college, right? They're a
spk_0 smaller college. How do you get that orientation to say like, we're going to be proactive about this.
spk_0 We're not going to be souped up by sort of a big institution, but we're, you know, we're culturally
spk_0 work cited about this because it's furthering the mission by being with a different institution
spk_0 that's not part of our past. Well, we set up a strategy. So as we move through the process, Dr.
spk_0 King comes on board July 1st and we start laying out a communication plan. How do we communicate
spk_0 this progress out? We set a goal of August 24 for an official MOU that we could agree on some
spk_0 points on how we're going to continue the discussions further. We release that out to both of our
spk_0 communities. And then I spent some time on the Ursula campus, Dr. King came to the Gannon campus
spk_0 and we were having open communications with the constituencies because you could imagine that
spk_0 people are automatically starting to think, well, what about my job? Am I going to have a position
spk_0 here? Gannon is a diocesan institution. Is that going to change the culture of the Ursula campus?
spk_0 We moved right in to developing an integration strategy that involved forming 15 separate integration
spk_0 teams made up of members of both Ursula and Gannon. And Gannon, we hired a integration
spk_0 coordinator from the outside. We hired a consultant to come in and drive that forward so that he was
spk_0 tracking progress of each and every one of those teams sitting in on the meetings. If there were
spk_0 any fires happening, he would point that out, bring it to the leadership attention, and then we could
spk_0 address it. So that was our strategy to address that change management piece.
spk_0 Super interesting. So last year on Future U, we had this episode where we talked to two colleges
spk_0 actually in Ohio who were on the verge of merging, University of Finley and Bluffton University.
spk_0 As you know, right before the episode was set to run, the deal fell apart. They walked their
spk_0 separate ways. I'm sure you followed it, given the regional proximity to Ursula. What did you
spk_0 learn from that situation that you kept in mind as you've gone through this partnership set of
spk_0 conversations and all the planning you just described that you put in? Well, we learned to be
spk_0 direct with our communication. Let's, for all intents and purposes, let's not sugarcoat any of the facts.
spk_0 As we move forward, let's be very transparent with the communities. I've often had to say,
spk_0 this is the information that I have right now. This information may change tomorrow,
spk_0 and we may adjust our message. It doesn't mean that we weren't giving you the information. It just
spk_0 means this is the information I had. And as we move through the accreditation bodies and the
spk_0 requirements, information would change. And what I was tracking with that particular situation was
spk_0 making sure that we were on top of the communications with HLC and middle states,
spk_0 Department of Education, Ohio, Pennsylvania. And that's the part to navigate that you really
spk_0 have to pay attention to. Yeah. And so I think that Michael and I, you know, I think, well,
spk_0 to this might be our fourth or fifth episode, right, Michael on M&A, because we keep wanting to see
spk_0 this happen. And every single time we have somebody on, we learn something new about why this is so
spk_0 difficult, but in some ways, it shouldn't be so difficult because there's clearly a need for this
spk_0 to happen in the market, not because anybody wants to see fewer universities. I think people see
spk_0 this as such a negative M&A. We just want to have stronger colleges and universities in the end.
spk_0 And that's what M&A will do to a lot of of institutions. So I'm kind of curious about what would
spk_0 you change in either, you know, policy at the accreditation level, at the state level, at the federal level,
spk_0 other pieces of the landscape to just make what seems to be a very stuck and long process,
spk_0 just happen to, I think, achieve everybody's goal here, which is again, I understand. People
spk_0 think it's terrible. Oh my god, we're going to have fewer colleges and universities. Yes,
spk_0 we're going to have fewer colleges and universities, but don't you want what's left to be stronger?
spk_0 And if you just let colleges just go out of business, I'm not convinced at least that what is left
spk_0 will necessarily be stronger. I have to tell you that we're starting to see what I would change
spk_0 the current processes for mergers, acquisitions from the accrediting bodies, the current policies
spk_0 and procedures don't fit because what we're seeing is something very different. Like there is a
spk_0 merger that's taking place in Iowa, which I'm sure you're aware of St. Ambrose University and
spk_0 Mount Mercy, Dr. Amy Novak from St. Ambrose. There are diocesan institutions like we are
spk_0 Mount Mercy founded by a religious order, just like Ursulin, very similar. So we've David, Dr.
spk_0 David King, and I have been talking with those two presidents and kind of learning from each other.
spk_0 I will tell you that with this particular merger with Ganon, we're crossing accreditation bodies,
spk_0 so Ursulin College, HLC accreditation, Ganon University, middle states,
spk_0 middle states has been extremely accommodating. They've recognized that their current policies and
spk_0 procedures don't fit. And the president of middle states has said, okay, let's rethink what we're
spk_0 doing. Here's our published timelines. Here, they worked with us. And so the good news is we're seeing
spk_0 changes. I also want to give credit to HLC for for rethinking policies and procedures.
spk_0 Not they want to stick to them and they want quality hands down. But when you have set time
spk_0 meeting dates at certain times of the year, those meeting dates are based on an academic
spk_0 calendar. They don't meet business, business calendars, which means I want to I need to
spk_0 do this tomorrow. And you're telling me you don't have a meeting until nine months from now.
spk_0 They're recognizing that I have to give them credit. They've been extremely accommodating.
spk_0 Well, and what you said is right. Like no one's looking for lower quality. We want stronger
spk_0 institutions right at the table for students. Walter, huge thanks for coming on future you and
spk_0 sharing the story. We really appreciate it. Absolutely. Looking forward to it. And I do want to
spk_0 tell you that we are actually had a schedule on complete merger. So we're scheduled to complete
spk_0 the merger June of 26. Originally, we were thinking it was going to be December. So
spk_0 Department of Education has said we think this can happen. O'Hio says we think we can happen.
spk_0 We already received approval from middle states and HLC. So it's moving in the right direction.
spk_0 Terrific to hear and thank you again. You bet.
spk_0 This episode of Future You is sponsored by Ascendium, a mission driven non-profit committed to
spk_0 improving learning and training systems to better serve learners from low income backgrounds.
spk_0 Ascendium envisions a world where low income learners succeed in post-secondary education
spk_0 and workforce training as paths to upward mobility. Ascendium's grantees are removing
spk_0 systemic barriers and helping to build evidence about what works so learners can achieve their
spk_0 career goals. For more information, visit AscendiumPhilanthropy.org.
spk_0 Welcome back to Future You and Jeff, you already spoke up front about why this particular story
spk_0 was of course interesting to you. But I also want to highlight. I didn't see it coming
spk_0 during the conversation. But you said it in the middle of one of your questions to Walter because
spk_0 I think it speaks to another one of the big, maybe implicit reasons that we keep coming back to
spk_0 M&A on the show, which is that the purpose of M&A is so that we have colleges that are stronger.
spk_0 Presumably that means yes financial strength but also programmatically value proposition wise,
spk_0 mission results and so forth. But just tell me like why you made that point about the purpose
spk_0 of M&A being stronger colleges and universities. Because Michael I think in higher ed we see M&A
spk_0 as a negative thing, right? We see the disappearance of any institution, whether there be emerged or
spk_0 acquired as a bad thing, where I think again in the business world M&A is seen as you know
spk_0 potentially, you know on some sides obviously consolidating power but on other sides making sure
spk_0 that two entities can go further faster and even survive in some cases because they have been
spk_0 merged. And I really do feel that for M&A activity to increase in higher ed we're going to have to
spk_0 move beyond kind of the usual suspects we've seen to this day, just a handful of colleges and
spk_0 universities that have the resources and we're going to have to go a little bit deeper in the bench.
spk_0 What are they looking for and who are they? So I would look at institutions that are like
spk_0 again and they're big enough but they're not large enough to really be going concerns on their
spk_0 own. And so they're going to look for those institutions as Walter said that maybe are around
spk_0 a thousand, 1500 that can maybe add you know 50% to their student body, 25 to 15, 50% to their student
spk_0 body, could which I think is really key here, add a new geographic region to the college or university.
spk_0 I think we have to remember that most college students especially at the type of institution that
spk_0 again and is are coming from 75 miles away from home so moving into a slightly different region
spk_0 is really not going to cannibalize your students. And then third is really that programmatic piece.
spk_0 What do other colleges, none of these colleges are really fully comprehensive in a way that a
spk_0 northeastern might or a Villanova might or a big public flagship might or a Boston university might.
spk_0 So again, and what are they gaining from potentially adding another college on in terms of
spk_0 programmatic and you know whether it's you know the arts or whether it's computer science or whether
spk_0 it's nursing or other health care programs. There's all these programmatic areas that I think
spk_0 these smaller colleges and universities want to go after and they don't have the the money
spk_0 or the resources to build it on their own. So why not just essentially merge or acquire another
spk_0 institution to do that? Yeah and Jeff it speaks to something else actually. We think a fair
spk_0 minute bit about also when like a college closes what it does to the surrounding community right,
spk_0 economically vacating jobs and so forth. And I do think that there's some sort of inevitability
spk_0 right about this consolidation. If I'm the community I want the college to have a chance right,
spk_0 like the infrastructure some of it to have a chance at surviving. And so I you know who knows
spk_0 what these mergers ultimately look like if they keep the branch campuses open and so forth
spk_0 down the line. But I will say I think that's probably the only shot right at these communities
spk_0 sort of holding on to that higher ed institution is if they're done with that context in mind and
spk_0 there is some merger activity. I know some places probably take a cynical view of that you merge
spk_0 and your sunset certain campuses. I don't think that's the way it'll be done in higher ed
spk_0 personally. And so I think also from the community perspective M&A is an incredibly important topic
spk_0 towards strengthening the presence right of higher ed in these regions. Yeah and Michael let me
spk_0 jump in on that because we talked when we were talking about my book a couple of episodes ago
spk_0 about the idea of the zombie mall right coming to colleges and universities. I noticed on social
spk_0 media a couple people picked up on that right. So is it better to have an institution that is kind of
spk_0 just limping along rather and or you know no institution at all. You know so I feel like you know
spk_0 in terms of M&A we're going to have institutions that are at least going to be able to maybe keep
spk_0 these institutions to be going concerns above what they would have been otherwise. And so
spk_0 you know I get it these are job centers. These are cultural centers. These are economic centers
spk_0 for many of these towns but the chances of them surviving are getting slimmer by the day in some cases.
spk_0 The other thing that will happen is they become like just shadows of themselves. They are they are
spk_0 like these zombie malls or maybe they are at least be able to preserve their biggest strengths
spk_0 if they were able to merge or be acquired by a bigger player. Well and that's where I want to go next
spk_0 because strength of institution which is that you know when Ganon was going through its criteria
spk_0 for which institutions would be interesting you know as merger partners super clear on its objectives.
spk_0 Now we could perhaps Monday morning quarterback and ask if getting an institution in Ohio that's
spk_0 going to have its own demographic declines if that makes sense. But I do think that the other
spk_0 point was critical which is that the institution that they were looking at Walter said could not
spk_0 already be in financial problems from a cash flow perspective. And as you know I'm working with
spk_0 someone on a piece that will hopefully publish later this year. So I don't want to talk about too
spk_0 much about it yet and jinx that. But it really centers on the importance of cash to an institution
spk_0 and net cash flow specifically. And I guess it occurs to me that for a smaller school like Ganon
spk_0 as opposed to presumably something like a northwestern or Villanova or even an ASU right if they
spk_0 went on a spree. I would think financial health of the target school would be really really important.
spk_0 And to that end I thought it was interesting that if it had been less than a thousand students
spk_0 sort of a cutoff right it speaks to what we always talk about you have it in your book as well
spk_0 as something to keep an eye on right if parents were thinking about this stuff. But it also speaks
spk_0 a little bit to the arbitrariness I guess of like a thousand students like Ursuline just under 900
spk_0 whatever it just misses the cutoff. So it didn't hit into their filters but then they were lucky that
spk_0 Ursuline was also being proactive at the same time. And it gets to something that I at least think
spk_0 a lot about which is that data obviously important have a big role to play. But sometimes we forget
spk_0 that the categories right of data are created by people. We got to crawl underneath the hood if you
spk_0 want will just to make that decision. And I guess I get a little nervous with these like big cutoffs
spk_0 because maybe you miss that gem that is the perfect institutional partner. I don't know if you
spk_0 have any thoughts on that. Yeah Michael I think it's interesting that Ursuline you also have to be
spk_0 among those gems of institutions willing to want to talk openly about their situations and want
spk_0 to be acquired. So I think some of this is around the data but I think that these institutions and
spk_0 this goes back to something that we've talked about before is the boards of these institutions the
spk_0 leaderships of these institutions need to be proactive much further in advance than they already are
spk_0 to say you know what we're not going to be able to keep this institution as a going concern. We're
spk_0 going to have to go out and find partners and be proactive because if it's all left to the
spk_0 Ganons of the world to filter out you know who's in and who's out of potential partnerships.
spk_0 It's just going to be a chance about who they're going to find rather than those institutions
spk_0 that really need the help now. Yeah and well and leadership is exactly where I want to go. So that's
spk_0 on the board side. The other really interesting thing that I thought Walter told us was that the
spk_0 board right picked an interim president at Ursuline someone who was the former president and
spk_0 and president king who's explicit you know going back his explicit mission is effectively to
spk_0 shepherd this merger and I think it's so interesting because then you have a president who's not
spk_0 sitting there thinking about my legacy of you know continuing this institution on independently but
spk_0 is instead really a steward of its past resources and synonymous with success is do I get this
spk_0 merger done it seems like a very clever orientation for a president coming in so that it's like
spk_0 super clear on what success is and it's not independent survival in this case it's more steward of
spk_0 the mission and resources I thought that was clever I'm curious how you think about leadership in
spk_0 this space because I get it it can be an ego thing I suspect if you're the president thinking
spk_0 I'm sudden setting my tenure by bringing the institution to merger but I think it's also a very
spk_0 good use of somebody who knows the institution I think the other thing that really struck me about
spk_0 that part of the conversation Michael was that these are mission driven institutions often with
spk_0 large religious affiliations right many of these colleges that have been running into issues lately
spk_0 have been religiously affiliated church affiliated institutions as we know there are you know
spk_0 dozens hundreds of them particularly in the northeast and the midwest and that's another kind of
spk_0 filter to put through this that's another issue often perhaps even a hurdle to get these through
spk_0 because it's going to be much more difficult to do that given their affiliations with churches or
spk_0 different orders and something and that's something that to be honest with you I kind of got when
spk_0 we were talking about the Ohio merger but this is something that really came home to me when Walter
spk_0 was talking about it because this may be a bigger issue going forward with trying to bring
spk_0 institutions together especially in similar geographies whether they have similar affiliations or
spk_0 not could be a problem or even often and I know this from being in northeastern Pennsylvania where
spk_0 there's a lot of Catholic colleges sometimes that's a reason not to do it right because they really
spk_0 want to kind of protect their identity so it's another element to M&A it seems every single time
spk_0 we do one of these M&A episodes it's like peeling away an onion we kind of find another issue right
spk_0 oh my god this is another reason why this is not going to happen in in higher ed the way we think it should
spk_0 all right well speaking of things that make it sort of not happen last thing and I don't know if
spk_0 you'll have a hot take on this at all I haven't previewed this with you but I think we were both
spk_0 struck right in the episode we did last year about how difficult the federal government makes
spk_0 merging and merger and acquisition activity for higher ed Walter talked about how accommodating and
spk_0 smart the accreditors have been right that their natural process to be clear is not that but that
spk_0 they made a lot of adjustments to really help them pull it off and not be behind the eight ball that
spk_0 that was fascinating I think I'm just curious you know you're in the beltway I'm not up here in
spk_0 Boston do you hear any discussion about the Trump administration that theoretically likes less
spk_0 regulation I say theoretically because higher ed it's not clear that they like less regulation
spk_0 but do you think we might see any dereg around the college merger processor is this a who knows
spk_0 what's going on category I think this is a little bit about who knows I don't think this is I don't
spk_0 get the sense this is on on their radar I was part of a M&A convening back in April and my big takeaway
spk_0 from that is just how many entities are involved in this and we got a a specter of that we got a
spk_0 sense of that from some of our previous episodes we have the accreditors in some cases multiple
spk_0 accreditors we have the state and we obviously have the federal government as part of this so Michael
spk_0 even if the federal government were able to deregulate this to be honest with you you know politically
spk_0 we're not necessarily in a lot you know these are probably I would imagine more blue states than
spk_0 red states when it comes to the type of institutions that would end up merging they don't tend to be
spk_0 the places that are in a deal of regulatory state in fact especially when it comes to higher ed I
spk_0 think they're more focused on consumer protection you know that from you know being in Massachusetts so
spk_0 even if we were able to have this happen at the federal government level we still have these two
spk_0 other entities which are pretty important in this whole in this whole process that is the accreditors
spk_0 which seem to be getting on board I get the sense but then we also have the states all right Jeff
spk_0 let's leave it there I think that's a pretty robust conversation as you said peeling the onion back
spk_0 we keep getting more and more nuance we're going to do more on this topic for warning our listeners
spk_0 but it just keeps getting more and more interesting because there's a lot of dimensions to this and a
spk_0 lot of need frankly as well before we leave though we're going to bring Walter back one more time for
spk_0 his take to our lightning round segment to get to know him better and some of his hot takes on his time
spk_0 in higher ed so Walter we have this segment on future you where we get to ask our guests a few
spk_0 lighthearted lightning round type questions a little bit of a deviation from the main body of the show
spk_0 and it's both to get to know you better but also to get to know you better in the context of higher ed
spk_0 specifically so if you're game let's dive in and the first question we have for you is what was your
spk_0 favorite college class when you were a student and why history I had a I just I just had a fantastic
spk_0 professor that got me hooked and you know history repeats itself pay attention to history
spk_0 there you go which which what kind of history was it American history American history perfect
spk_0 all right what's one higher ed buzzword that you never want to hear again it's it's marketing
spk_0 but I'm going to tell you why okay I will continue to hear it but everybody blames marketing for
spk_0 everything so yeah if if your numbers go down it's marketing you know let's talk about the other
spk_0 things like do you have a good product and so so marketing well said well said all right last
spk_0 question before we take you off the hot seat what is the biggest difference in your observation
spk_0 between students now and when you were in school engagement engagement engagement engagement and
spk_0 and more engagement now or less engagement less less face to face engagement a lot of engagement
spk_0 on social media and and we all know you know phones and and Instagram but the the the ability to
spk_0 have conversations very adverse to to group work and we all know that's that's how we function
spk_0 in the workforce so I'm start I have to tell you I'm starting to see a shift in in the newer
spk_0 students coming in where they're craving more socializations I think I'm it's very positive I
spk_0 think we're coming out of that covid period but it's it's noticeable that's interesting maybe
spk_0 covid actually did something good in a way right because maybe we're headed towards less engagement
spk_0 covid really made people aware of it and now they're kind of coming back but I I hope so maybe a new
spk_0 book idea fingers crossed absolutely anyway Walter thank you for being with us thank you for
spk_0 having me I appreciate the time I don't know how you Michael but I think that segment is going to
spk_0 just be a fun way to end a future you during most of our episodes this season and thank you again
spk_0 for to Walter for talking with us and also just participating in that last segment as well and thank
spk_0 you all for listening and we'll talk to you next time on future you